How to Sign Into Gmail Without Adding an Account
These steps are the same whether you're adding your first Gmail account or additional Gmail accounts to Outlook.
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Select File > Add Account.
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Enter your email address and click Connect.
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Outlook will launch a Gmail window that asks for your password. Enter the password and select Sign in.
Important:Once you connect your Gmail account to Outlook, you may receive a warning message in your Gmail inbox telling you that a new logon from Internet Explorer was detected. This is expected behavior.
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If you have previously enabled 2-factor authentication for Gmail, you'll be prompted to enter the code sent to your mobile device. If you haven't enabled 2-factor authentication, skip to step 6.
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The Google account permissions window appears. Click Allow.
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Once Outlook finishes adding your Gmail account, you can add another email account or select Done.
Tips:
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If you check the box for Setup Outlook Mobile on my phone, too, you'll be taken to a website where you can enter your mobile phone number and you'll receive a link to download Outlook for iOS or Outlook for Android. Installing Outlook Mobile is a great way to stay up-to-date on the go.
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If you need instructions for adding an email account using advanced settings, see Use advanced setup to add a POP or IMAP email account in Outlook for PC.
Outlook won't accept my password
If Outlook won't accept your password and you know you're using the right password for your Gmail account, you might have an older version of Outlook that doesn't currently support this faster Gmail setup option. In that case, you'll need to use two-factor authentication and an app password to help verify that you're the person trying to access your Gmail account.
Gmail does allow you to add your account to Outlook without setting up two-factor authentication and using an app password, but you must turn on a setting that allows "less secure apps" to connect to your account. We do not recommend this setting. We recommend turning on two-factor authentication and using an app password.
To turn on two-factor authentication and get an app password, use the following steps.
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Go to Gmail from your browser, then select the Google apps icon in the upper right corner of the screen.
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On the left, select Security.
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Under Signing into Google, if 2-Step Verification is OFF, click the>next to OFF to turn it ON. Otherwise, skip to step 4.
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On the first screen, click CONTINUE.
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If prompted, enter your Gmail password and then click NEXT.
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Enter your phone number and select whether you want to receive your verification codes by text message or a phone call. Then click NEXT.
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Enter the code you received and click NEXT.
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Click TURN ON to finish setting up 2-step verification.
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Return to the previous screen by clicking the left arrow at the top of the screen next to 2-Step Verification.
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Select the > on the far right of the App Passwords line.
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Enter your Google password and then select Sign in. At the bottom of the next screen, select Mail and Windows Computer from the drop-down lists, then select Generate.
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Google will display an app password for you. Copy this password (without the spaces) and enter this password when Outlook prompts you for a password.
Adding a Gmail account
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Select Outlook > Preferences > Accounts.
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Click the plus (+) sign > New Account.
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Type your email address > Continue.
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Type your password > Add Account.
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Click Continue.
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Sign-in to your Gmail account within Outlook for Mac. This is for users who are on Build 16.15.18070902 and higher.
Have you already added your Gmail account to Outlook then see, Improved auth for existing Gmail users.
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Select an account to sign in.
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Type the account password.
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The Google account permissions window appears. Click Allow.
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Click Open Microsoft Outlook.
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Select Done to start using Outlook 2016 for Mac.
If you have a Google account added to Outlook for Mac earlier to the release of improved authentication experience for Google IMAP accounts, then you will need to sign-in using the browser to connect to your account.
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Select Sign in to Google.
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Choose an account.
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You will be asked to allow Outlook to access your mail, contacts, and calendars. Choose Allow.
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You will be asked to return back to Outlook. Choose Allow.
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Select Done to start using Outlook 2016 for Mac.
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Select Tools > Accounts.
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Select the email account you want to change.
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Update your account description, personal information, username and password, or other settings, depending on the type of account you're editing.
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When finished with your updates, select OK.
Two-factor authentication is an extra layer of security for your account. Each time you log in to your Gmail account from a new device, you'll receive a single-use code on your phone. Enter this code to complete the sign-in.
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Go to Gmail from your browser, then select the Google apps icon in the upper right corner of the screen.
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Select My Account. Under Sign-in & security, select Signing in to Google.
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Select 2-Step Verification and follow the prompts.
How to Sign Into Gmail Without Adding an Account
Source: https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/add-a-gmail-account-to-outlook-70191667-9c52-4581-990e-e30318c2c081